ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the effect of multimodal guidance based on the concept of five senses and six senses on the sleep phase of postoperative patients with intestinal tumor.@*Methods@#A total of 110 patients with intestinal tumor after surgery from January 2018 to July 2019 in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao) were randomly divided into two groups, 55 patients in each group. The control group received routine daily care. Instructed, the experimental group conducted multimodal guided training based on the five senses and six senses on the basis of daily care, and continued intervention for 3 weeks. Polysomnography (PSG) was used to compare the sleep phase differences before and after intervention.@*Results@#The ratio of NREM to total sleep time, the ratio of stage 1 sleep time to total sleep time, the ratio of stage 3 sleep time to total sleep time, the ratio of stage 4 sleep time to total sleep time, and the ratio of REM to total sleep time after intervention. The number of NREM micro-wakes (Z value was -5.178--2.157, all P<0.05), the difference was statistically significant. The proportion of NREM in total sleep time, the proportion of sleep time in total sleep time, the number of NREM micro-wakes, and the number of REM micro-wakes decreased compared with the pre-intervention period; the proportion of sleep time in total sleep time in stage 3, sleep in stage 4 The proportion of time to total sleep time and the proportion of REM to total sleep time were increased compared with those before intervention (Z value was -6.029--4.064, all P<0.05), and the difference was statistically significant. In the control group, the proportion of sleep time in total sleep time was increased compared with that before intervention. The number of NREM micro-wake and the number of REM micro-wakes were lower than those before intervention (Z value was -2.948, -5.632, -2.475, all P<0.05). The difference was statistically significant.@*Conclusion@#Multimodal guided training based on the concept of five senses and six senses can effectively improve the sleep structure of patients with intestinal tumors and improve their sleep quality.
ABSTRACT
The positive healthy physiological effects of shinrin-yoku in elderly persons were studied. Shinrin-yoku or forest bathing is considered to promote physical relaxation and to have physical and mental health benefits. In this experiment the subjects were elderly 24 male (65.5±2.5years) and 24female (65.0±3.0years) persons who participated in three measurements of shinrin-yoku effects from 2008 to 2010. All the subjects were healthy and volunteered for the experiment. The subjects participated in the shinrin-yoku measurements three times of two hours each on Wednesday in the third week of August in each year. The weather at the time of the three measurements was clear, with temperature of 30°C-32°C, humidity of 58%-60% and wind velocities of 0m/sec-2m/sec. Non-shinrin-yoku measurements were also performed on a different day in an indoor resting environment with the same subjects under the same conditions. For both the shinrin-yoku and non-shinrin-yoku measurements, the subjects were divided into three groups of 8 male and 8 female subjects equally. One was for the visual isolation group in which subjects wore eye masks, another was for the smell isolation group in which subjects wore masks, and the other was the control group in which subjects wore non-isolation material. The concentration of phytoncides in the air was measured using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy. Heart rate (HRs), blood pressure (BP), fasting levels of plasma catecholamine (adrenaline, noradrenalin and dopamine), plasma cortisol and circulating natural killer (NK) cell activity were measured before and after shinrin-yoku. Three kinds of phytoncides derived from trees were detected at the forest-bathing measurement spot in this study. The mean HRs for male subjects under shinrin-yoku and non-shinrin-yoku were 89bpm and 85bpm respectively. The mean HRs for female subjects under shinrin-yoku and non-shinrin-yoku were 86bpm and 85bpm respectively. In the smell isolation group and the control group, systric blood pressure for male and female subjects decreased significantly after shinrin-yoku. In the smell isolation group and the control group, diastolic blood pressure for male subjects decreased significantly after shinrin-yoku. In the smell isolation group and the control group, adrenaline levels for male and female subjects decreased significantly after shinrin-yoku. Among the male under the control and the female under the smell isolation and the control, noradrenaline levels decreased significantly after shinrin-yoku. Similarly, under the smell isolation, and the control, the male and female subjects showed significant decreases in the cortisol level. The NK cell activity of male and female subjects and had no significant change after shinrin-yoku. The BP, catecholamine level, cortisol level, and NK cell activity of male and female subjects showed no significant change after non-shinrin-yoku. The authors believe that this issue, and the general topic of shinrin-yoku and other environments with natural health benefits merit further study. It has been pointed out that the phytoncides and green forest environment in shinrin-yoku have a relaxing effect on the human body. As physical effects of shinrin-yoku, this study of male and female elderly subjects suggested the possibility of physiological effects in which appear within a short time and consist of multiple elements related to the human five senses, including the effects of phytoncides. Future issues include accumulation of study results on the linkage between physiological/psychological responses and quantitative/qualitative data on odor and the visual sense.
ABSTRACT
The positive healthy physiological effects of <I>shinrin-yoku </I>in elderly persons were studied. <I>Shinrin-yoku </I>or forest bathing is considered to promote physical relaxation and to have physical and mental health benefits. In this experiment the subjects were elderly 24 male (65.5±2.5years) and 24female (65.0±3.0years) persons who participated in three measurements of <I>shinrin-yoku </I>effects from 2008 to 2010. All the subjects were healthy and volunteered for the experiment. The subjects participated in the <I>shinrin-yoku </I>measurements three times of two hours each on Wednesday in the third week of August in each year. The weather at the time of the three measurements was clear, with temperature of 30°C-32°C, humidity of 58%-60% and wind velocities of 0m/sec-2m/sec. Non-<I>shinrin-yoku </I>measurements were also performed on a different day in an indoor resting environment with the same subjects under the same conditions. For both the <I>shinrin-yoku </I>and non-<I>shinrin-yoku </I>measurements, the subjects were divided into three groups of 8 male and 8 female subjects equally. One was for the visual isolation group in which subjects wore eye masks, another was for the smell isolation group in which subjects wore masks, and the other was the control group in which subjects wore non-isolation material. The concentration of phytoncides in the air was measured using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy. Heart rate (HRs), blood pressure (BP), fasting levels of plasma catecholamine (adrenaline, noradrenalin and dopamine), plasma cortisol and circulating natural killer (NK) cell activity were measured before and after <I>shinrin-yoku</I>. Three kinds of phytoncides derived from trees were detected at the forest-bathing measurement spot in this study. The mean HRs for male subjects under <I>shinrin-yoku </I>and non-shinrin-yoku were 89bpm and 85bpm respectively. The mean HRs for female subjects under <I>shinrin-yoku </I>and non-shinrin-yoku were 86bpm and 85bpm respectively. In the smell isolation group and the control group, systric blood pressure for male and female subjects decreased significantly after <I>shinrin-yoku</I>. In the smell isolation group and the control group, diastolic blood pressure for male subjects decreased significantly after <I>shinrin-yoku</I>. In the smell isolation group and the control group, adrenaline levels for male and female subjects decreased significantly after <I>shinrin-yoku</I>. Among the male under the control and the female under the smell isolation and the control, noradrenaline levels decreased significantly after <I>shinrin-yoku</I>. Similarly, under the smell isolation, and the control, the male and female subjects showed significant decreases in the cortisol level. The NK cell activity of male and female subjects and had no significant change after <I>shinrin-yoku</I>. The BP, catecholamine level, cortisol level, and NK cell activity of male and female subjects showed no significant change after non-<I>shinrin-yoku</I>. The authors believe that this issue, and the general topic of <I>shinrin-yoku </I>and other environments with natural health benefits merit further study. It has been pointed out that the phytoncides and green forest environment in <I>shinrin-yoku </I>have a relaxing effect on the human body. As physical effects of shinrin-yoku, this study of male and female elderly subjects suggested the possibility of physiological effects in which appear within a short time and consist of multiple elements related to the human five senses, including the effects of phytoncides.<BR> Future issues include accumulation of study results on the linkage between physiological/psychological responses and quantitative/qualitative data on odor and the visual sense.
ABSTRACT
Objectiove To explore the teaching effectiveness of PBL teaching methods in the science of five senses teaching. Methods Random clinical medical students admitted in 2006 in our college were divided into 2 groups,PBL teaching methods were used in experimental group, and traditional teaching methods in the control group. Results The excellent and failure rates of the final exam scores of the students in the experimental group were 78.51% and 0.83% respectively,while in the control group were 47.62% and 8.73% respectively. After statistical treatment,compared with the excellent and failure rates in the experimental group and in the control group,the difference is of high significance. Conclusion The teaching effectiveness of PBL teaching methods in the science of five senses is better,which is worthy of promotion.